Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) due to inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. There are different types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or fails to produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. It is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet. Type 2 diabetes can often be managed with lifestyle changes, oral medications, and, in some cases, insulin.